Resources

Adenosine 5 Monophosphate

J Vet Intern Med. 2014 Jul-Aug;28(4):1280-8. doi: 10.1111/jvim.12356. Epub 2014 Apr 20. Effect of dietary nonstructural carbohydrate content on activation of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in liver, skeletal muscle, and digital laminae of lean and obese ponies.

Arginine

Hinckley KA, Fearn S, Howard BR, Henderson IW. Nitric oxide donors as a treatment for grass induced acute laminitis in ponies. Equine Vet J. 1996 Jan;28(1):17-28.

Bryk J, Ochoa JB, Correia MI, et al. Effect of citrulline and glutamine on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells in an arginine-depleted environment. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2008 Jul-Aug;32(4):377-83.

Hayashi T, Juliet PA, Matsui-Hirai H, et al. l-Citrulline and l-arginine supplementation retards the progression of high-cholesteral-diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 20;102(38):13681-6.

Bromelain

Secor ER Jr, Shah SJ, Guernsey LA, et al. Bromelain limits airway inflammation in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of established asthma. Altern Ther Health Med. 2012 Sep-Oct;18(5)9-17.

Chondroitin Sulfate

Eddington ND, Jianping D, White N. Evidence of the oral absorption of chondroitin sulfate as determined by total disaccharide content after oral and intravenous administration to horses. In Proceedings. 47th Annu Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract. 2001;47:326-8.

Montgomery M. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the dietary supplement Actistatin on established glucosamine and chondroitin therapy in the horse. Intern J Appl Res Vet Med. 2011;9(2):100-18.

Rodgers MR. Effects of oral glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates supplementation on frequency of intra-articular therapy of the horse tarsus. Intern J Appl Res Vet Med. 2006;4(2):155-62.

Copper

Gee E, Davies M, Firth E, et al. Osteochondrosis and copper: histology of articular cartilage from foals out of copper supplemented and non-supplemented dams. Vet J. Jan;173(1):109-17.

DHA

Hall JA, Van Saun RJ, Tornquist SJ, et al. Effect of type of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplement (corn oil or fish oil) on immune responses in healthy horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2004 Nov-Dec;18(6):880-6.

EPA

Hall JA, Van Saun RJ, Tornquist SJ, et al. Effect of type of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplement (corn oil or fish oil) on immune responses in healthy horses. J Vet Intern Med. 2004 Nov-Dec;18(6):880-6.

Flax Seed

O'Neill W, McKee S, Clarke AF. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) supplementation associated with reduced skin test lesional area in horses with Culicoides hypersensitivity. Can J Vet Res. Oct 2002;66(4):272-7.

Glucosamine

Byron CR, Stewart MC, Stewart AA, Pondenis HC. Effects of clinically relevant concentrations of glucosamine on equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro. Am J Vet Res. 2008 Sep;69(9):1129-34.

Byron CR, Benson BM, Stewart AA, Pondenis HC. Effects of methylprednisolone acetate and glucosamine on proteoglycan production by equine chondrocytes in vitro. Am J Vet Res. 2008 Sep;69(9):1123-8.

Byron CR, Orth MW, Venta PJ, et al. Influence of glucosamine on matrix metalloproteinase expression and activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated equine chondrocytes. Am J Vet Res. 2003 Jun;64(6):666-71.

Usha PR, Naidu MU. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of oral glucosamine, methylsulfonylmethane and their combination in osteoarthritis. Clin Drug Investig. 2004;24(6):353-63.

Tiku ML, Narla H, Jain M, Yalamanchili P. Glucosamine prevents in vitro collagen degradation in chondrocytes by inhibiting advanced lipoxidation reactions and protein oxidation. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(4):R76.

Rodgers MR. Effects of oral glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates supplementation on frequency of intra-articular therapy of the horse tarsus. Intern J Appl Res Vet Med. 2006;4(2):155-62.

Montgomery M. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of the dietary supplement Actistatin on established glucosamine and chondroitin therapy in the horse. Intern J Appl Res Vet Med. 2011;9(2):100-18.

Glycine

Zhong Z, Wheeler MD, Li X, et al. L-glycine: a novel antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cytoprotective agent. Curr Opin Clin Nutri Metab Care. 2003 Mar;6(2):229-40.

Hyaluronic Acid

Bergin BJ, Pierce SW, Bramlage LR, Stromberg A. Oral hyaluronan gel reduces post operature tarsocrural effusion in the yearling Thoroughbred. Equine Vet J. 2006 Jul:38(4):375-8.

Hemp

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs. Gamble LJ, Boesch JM, Frye CW, Schwark WS, Mann S, Wolfe L, Brown H, Berthelsen ES, Wakshlag JJ. Front Vet Sci. 2018 Jul 23;5:165. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00165. eCollection 2018.

Huperzine A

Mechanism of inhibition of cholinesterases by huperzine A. Ashani Y, Peggins JO 3rd, Doctor BP. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Apr 30;184(2):719-26. PMID: 1575745

Huperzine A, a novel promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Cheng DH, Ren H, Tang XC. Neuroreport. 1996 Dec 20;8(1):97-101. PMID: 9051760

Psyllium

Hotwagner K, Iben C. Evacuation of sand from the equine intestine with mineral oil, with and without psyllium. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2008 Feb;92(1):86-91.

Landes AD, Hassel DM, Funk JD, Hill A. Fecal sand clearance is enhanced with a product combining probiotics, prebiotics, and psyllium in clinically normal horses. In Proceedings. 53rd Annu Conv Am Assoc Equine Pract 2007:53:527-8

Hotwagner K, Iben C. Evacuation of sand from the equine intestine with mineral oil, with and without psyllium. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutri (Berl). 2008 Feb;92(1):86-91.

Selenium

Richardson SM, Siciliano PD, Engle TE, et al. Effect of selenium supplementation and source on the selenium status of horses. J Anim Sci. 2006 Jul;84(7):1742-8.

Calamari L, Ferrari A, Bertin G. Effect of selenium source and dose on selenium status of mature horses. J Anim Sci. 2009 Jan;87(1):167-78.

Silica

O'Connor CI, Nielsen BD, Woodward AD, et al. Mineral balance in horses fed two supplemental silicon sources. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2008 Apr;92(2):173-81.

Lang KJ, Nielsen BD, Waite KL, et al. Increased plasma silicon concentrations and altered bone resorption in response to sodium zeolite a supplementation in yearling horses. J Eq Vet Sci. 2001 Nov;21(11):550-5.

Vitamin C

Deaton CM, Marlin DJ, Smith NC, et al. Pulmonary bioavailability of ascorbic acid in an ascorbate-synthesising species, the horse. Free Radic Res. 2003 Apr:37(4):461-7.

Deaton CM, Marlin DJ, Smith NC, et al. Pulmonary epithelial lining and plasma ascorbic acid concentrations in horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction. Am J Vet Res. 2004 Jan;65(1):80-7.

Kirschvink N, Fievez L, Bougnet V, et al. Effect of nutritional antioxidant supplementation on systemic and pulmonary antioxidant status, airway inflammation and lung function in heaves-affected horses. Equine Vet J. 2002 Nov;34(7):705-12.

Youssef MA, El-khodery SA, Ibrahim HM. Effect of selenium and vitamin C on clinical outcomes, trace element status, and antioxidant enzyme activity in horses with acute and chronic lower airway disease. A randomized clinical trial. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013 June;152(3):333-42.

Ralston SL, Nockels CF, Squires EL. Differences in diagnostic test results and hematologic data between aged and young horses. Am J Vet Res. 1988 Aug;49(8):1387-92.